Part XXI: Temporary, Transitional and Special Provisions

Article 371G: Special Provisions for Mizoram

Original Article:

Article 371G provides special provisions for the State of Mizoram, safeguarding its religious or social practices, customary laws, civil and criminal justice system, and land ownership rights.

Explanations:

This article grants autonomy to Mizoram in specific areas to preserve its cultural identity and traditional practices. The legislative assembly's consent is required for the application of central laws in these domains.

Clause-by-Clause Explanation:

Clause (a): Autonomy in Key Domains

The legislative assembly must approve central laws concerning religious practices, customary laws, and land rights, ensuring local traditions are respected.

Clause (b): Composition of Legislative Assembly

The legislative assembly of Mizoram must have at least forty members to ensure effective governance and representation.

Legislative History:

Article 371G was introduced through the Constitution (Fifty-third Amendment) Act, 1986, following the Mizo Peace Accord, which marked the end of insurgency and facilitated Mizoram's statehood.

Historical Significance:

The article reflects India's recognition of Mizoram’s distinct cultural and historical identity, ensuring autonomy in areas crucial to its community.

Real-life Examples:

Land ownership laws in Mizoram, governed by customary practices, illustrate the application of Article 371G, ensuring community-driven decision-making.

Debates and Deliberations:

The debates surrounding the Fifty-third Amendment emphasized the importance of granting Mizoram autonomy to preserve peace and promote development.